Strings in C Language

-

 

C Strings

Ø  The string can be defined as the one-dimensional array of characters terminated by a null ('\0').

Ø  The character array or the string is used to manipulate text such as word or sentences.

Ø  Each character in the array occupies one byte of memory, and the last character must always be 0.

Ø  The termination character ('\0') is important in a string since it is the only way to identify where the string ends.

Ø  When we define a string as char s[10], the character s[10] is implicitly initialized with the null in the memory.

There are two ways to declare a string in c language.

  1. By char array
  2. By string literal

Let's see the example of declaring string by char array in C language.

1.       char ch[10]={'e', 'x', 'a', 'm', 'p', 'l', 'e','\0'};  

As we know, array index starts from 0, so it will be represented as in the figure given below.

0       1     2    3      4     5      6     7

E

x

a

m

p

l

e

\0

While declaring string, size is not mandatory. So we can write the above code as given below:

1.       char ch[]={'e', 'x', 'a', 'm', 'p', 'l', 'e','\0'}; 

We can also define the string by the string literal in C language. For example:

1.       char ch[]="example";  

In such case, '\0' will be appended at the end of the string by the compiler.

Difference between char array and string literal

There are two main differences between char array and literal.

  • We need to add the null character '\0' at the end of the array by ourself whereas, it is appended internally by the compiler in the case of the character array.
  • The string literal cannot be reassigned to another set of characters whereas, we can reassign the characters of the array.

String Example in C

#include<stdio.h>  

#include <string.h>    

void main()

{    

  char ch[10]={'e', 'x', 'a', 'm', 'p', 'l', 'e','\0'};   

   char ch2[10]="example";    

    

   printf("Char Array Value is: %s\n", ch);    

   printf("String Literal Value is: %s\n", ch2);    

}    

Output

Char Array Value is: example

String Literal Value is: example

 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

String Functions in C Language(C Language)

-
  C String Functions There are many important string functions defined in "string.h" library. No. Function Description 1) strlen(string_name) returns the length of string name. 2) strcpy(destination, source) copies the contents of source string to destination string. 3) strcat(first_string, second_string) concats or joins first string with second string. The result of the string is stored in first string. 4) strcmp(first_string, second_string) compares the first string with second string. If both strings are same, it returns 0. 5) strrev(string) returns reverse string. 6) strlwr(string) returns string characters in lowercase. 7) strupr(string) returns string characters in uppercase. 8) strstr( st...
Read more

PHP Array Functions

-
  PHP  Array  Functions The array functions allow you to access and manipulate arrays. Simple and multi-dimensional arrays are supported. Function Description array() Creates an array array_column() Returns the values from a single column in the input array array_combine() Creates an array by using the elements from one "keys" array and one "values" array array_flip() Flips/Exchanges all keys with their associated values in an array array_pop() Deletes the last element of an array array_push() Inserts one or more elements to the end of an array array_replace() Replaces the values of the first array with the values from following arrays array_reverse() Returns an array in the reverse order array_search() Searches an array for a given value ...
Read more

Home Menu Options in Ms Word

-
Image
Microsoft Word Ribbon The following are the different options and tools listed in the Microsoft Word Ribbon for each of the tabs. Each section below is outlined first by the tab name, then by each section on the tab. Home tab                                    Undo Undo Typing  - Removes the last thing you typed. Repeat Typing  - If you accidentally hit undo typing, you can re-enter the previous text.                                      Clipboard Paste  - Pastes information from the  clipboard . Cut  - Removes information from the document and puts it in the clipboard. Copy  - Copies information from the document for the clipboard. Format Painter  - Applies formatting from another section of a docume...
Read more